Ask Joe Mechanic - Increasing Fuel Economy Part 1

I realize that with the recent drop in gasoline prices that we have seen, conserving fuel is not something that is seriously on our minds. Even though prices are at about a six year low, it is still important that we should always try to conserve as much fuel as possible. It still keeps extra money in our pockets, but more importantly, it is good for the environment and it is good for our vehicles.

            There are four main groups of ways to conserve gas. First is the car we drive and how we take care of it. Secondly we can look at ways to save on the cost of fuel. Third is to examine our personal driving habits. And fourth is planning our trips. This week we will look at the first and next week we will try to look at the other three.

            Properly inflated tires can reduce fuel consumption by up to 3%. Your tires also lose about 1 PSI per month, and when the tires are cold (e.g., in the winter), their pressure will decrease due to the thermal contraction of the air. It is recommended to check tires at least monthly, preferably weekly. Having properly inflated tires will also help you avoid uneven wear on the tread. Recommended inflation pressures are for cold tires; put about 3 PSI more in if the tires have been driven on awhile. Inflate to the pressure recommended by the car manufacturer, not the maximum stamped on the tire.

            A properly tuned engine maximizes power and can greatly enhance fuel efficiency. Beware, though, that many tuners will disable efficiency measures when tuning for power. When doing a tune up, always check the air filter as a dirty filter will reduce fuel economy, or make the engine stall when idling. Just like mowing dusty grass, driving dusty dirt roads will clog the air filter: avoid dust clouds. Also, replace the fuel filter according to the car manufacturer's recommended schedule. This will go a long way to enhancing fuel efficiency.

            Get the lightest car that will serve your needs. Weight is one of the biggest causes for loss of kinetic energy in non-hybrid cars. If you're not shopping for cars, then take any extra weight off of the one you're already driving. If seats that you don't use can be removed such as in a van or minivan, take them out. If you use your trunk as a storage space for heavy things, find another place for them.  An extra 100 pounds of weight increases fuel consumption by 1-2%. (Weight is most important in stop-and-go driving.  In almost exclusively highway driving, it matters little: once the car is up to speed, it need only push air out of the way.) Don't remove things from the car that you need frequently; instead, make sure these are in the car and readily accessible because wasted trips to retrieve or replace them will be much worse than a little lower mileage.

            Another way to conserve gas is to use the tire width that the tire manufacturer recommends.  Narrow tires have less frontal area, thus reducing aerodynamic drag. Remember, however, that narrow tires have less traction as well (which is why race cars have such wide tires). Do not get a tire that is incompatible with your wheels, and do not get smaller wheels unless your manufacturer approves.  Select low-rolling-resistance compound tires. These can increase fuel economy by a few percent. (The difference is not startling or a substitute for proper inflation. It would be wasteful to replace the former tires with these before they are worn out.)

            On fuel-injected cars, make sure the oxygen sensors, engine emissions system, and evaporative emissions control systems are in good shape. Often the "check engine light" coming on is an indication that there is a problem with one of these components. A damaged oxygen sensor may cause your car to have too rich of a fuel mixture, decreasing your fuel mileage by 20% or more.

Ask Joe Mechanic - How Important is an Oil Change?

It’s there dominating the “to do” list and procrastinating only makes it worse. It’s the car’s oil change. Was that reminder sticker on the windshield purposely put there to make you feel bad? Let’s try a different approach, looking at all the good things that happen when the oil and filter in your car are changed.

First lets assume your car is one that is driven a minimum number of miles and seldom reaches the 3,500 miles in three months’ time. Your vehicle needs the oil change more than cars that are driven more often. In the short trip mode the engine heat ups and then cools down for long periods creating condensation. The moisture can be seen accumulating on the oil fill cap in the form of a gray oily globular mess. Sometimes this condition can be misdiagnosed as an internal engine problem. You probably can drop back to an oil change three times a year or the minimum time interval prescribed in your owner’s manual. For normal usage, some people think cars can last 10,000 miles on their oil, others say not even half that. A nice general rule is every four to six months, or somewhere around 5,000 miles, especially if you are using synthetic or synthetic blend motor oils.

Secondly, oil breaks down over time and extended usage and it picks up dirt and contaminants, and these can deposit in your oil pan as a thick, gooey sludge which can eventually clog the pickup screen for the oil pump. If this occurs, it can cause oil starvation to the engine and cause a premature engine failure at worst, or at least the expensive cost of removing the oil pan to clean out the pan and the oil pickup.

Also, if your car has a turbocharger or a supercharger, regular oil changes are even more important. Remember the turbo is spinning at 100,000s of rpm.  It also runs really hot so any oil in the turbo when the engine is switched off will degrade unless it is in good condition. This also shows the importance of allowing the engine to cool down a little before shutting down after a spirited run.

Next, don’t underestimate the value of having a trained individual under the hood of your car. They will be able to spot a number of trouble situations that, if left untreated, have the potential to cause a breakdown. They should be looking for fluid leakage, cracked or frayed belts, bulging hoses and safety items including torn wiper blades, burned out lights, and unsafe tires. The success of this approach only works if you have found a shop that distinguishes true customer need from sales effort.

The regular oil change also establishes a benchmark of when your car’s maintenance needs are to be met. For instance, every third oil change can be the point at which the tires need to be rotated. Also, your recognition of what fluids had to be added may serve as the first warning sign that one of the systems is leaking. The need to repeatedly add coolant may indicate a leaking water pump, for example.

The underside of your car is rarely seen. The oil change provides the technician a chance to easily look for undercar problems. These would include torn CV boots, broken exhaust parts, or problems with the transmission or differential. Anything that’s broken, loose or excessively worn is in clear sight. This idea of the lube tech or service facility disclosing legitimate problems only works to your advantage if you’re in the hands of a reputable shop.

Your car’s oil change may be something you don’t look forward to and hate to take the time to get done. However, there isn’t a car maintenance procedure that is more beneficial to your car when it’s done by a service facility you trust.

            Just remember, your vehicle is likely the second most costly investment you will make in your life besides your home. If your sink is leaking or your furnace is due for service, are you going to ignore it? When water comes through your ceiling after a hard storm and you have a large wet spot on your ceiling, are you going to say, well, maybe next month I can get to it? I don’t think so! Treat your car the way you would your home and it will most likely give you years of good service.

Ask Joe Mechanic: Winter Car Washing

            If you think that car washing is just for sunny summer days, you had best think again. It is actually even more important to do regular car washing in the winter.

            People have different preferences when it comes to car washing. Some people just take their car to the local car spa and have them do the job for them. Others take their car to an automatic drive-thru to get the job done quickly and at low cost.  However, others really like to take their time and hand wash and primp and polish their pride and joy. While this may be fun to do on a nice sunny summer day, when it is cold and blustery, that can quickly zap anyone’s ambition and make it a painstaking and even painful job. Also, environmental experts tend to frown on washing in your driveway because of the wastewater and chemical-cleaning agents going into the storm sewer system. Commercial car washes recycle and filter their water.

            Preventative car care is especially important when the cold weather sets in. The road additives such as salt, liquid brine and sand or cinders can wreak havoc on a car’s finish, corrode the undercarriage and potentially rust the wheel wells. Keeping the car clean and waxed can protect the finish and help protect from scratches and marring from winter road debris.

          Car corrosion damage is especially common during the winter months. Prevention remains the best solution to corrosion, and a car wash is one of the best preventive measures and costs a minimal amount of money and little physical effort. If you are planning to wash your car during the winter, it is best to select a day when the temperature is at least a few degrees above freezing if possible. If you feel you must wash your car and it is below freezing, try to park your car in a garage afterwards or at least drive the car for a few minutes to remove excess moisture. And, try to avoid blasting water directly into the door and trunk locks to prevent them from freezing.

Automatic car washes are a convenient way to clean a vehicle in the winter. The one downside is that these facilities tend to use harsh chemicals to eat through the debris. With brush type systems, this can result in swirl patterns or scratches to your car’s finish. Also, hard water can tend to leave spots on a car finish. An alternative is to head to one of the local do-it-yourself car washes.  Bring your own cleaning products so that you have a high-pressure water supply to help you get the job done quickly and right. Even if you cannot do the kind of cleaning job you like to do when the weather is warmer, rinsing the dirt and grime from your car, and especially spaying the wheel wells, rocker panels and the underside of our vehicle can go a long way toward preventing destructive corrosion.

Washing your car in winter is not something that most people enjoy, but it is a good way to help keep your car looking good for a long time.

This week’s recalls:

2342 2013-2014 Polaris Victory Cross Country, Cross Roads, Hammer Eight Ball, High Ball, Jackpot, Vegas Eight Ball, 2014 Victory Cross Country Eight Ball, Cross Roads Eight Ball, Ness Cross Country, 2015 Victory Gunner, and 2013 Victory Hardball motorcycles. The fuel pump in the affected motorcycles may have been incorrectly crimped during manufacturing, which may result in the fuel pump seizing.

198,900 2008-2011 Subaru Impreza, 2008-2014 WRX and STI, and 2009-2013 Forester vehicles, currently, or formerly, registered in Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia, Wisconsin and the District of Columbia that were remedied under recall 14V-311 prior to December 23, 2014. The brake lines may experience brake line corrosion due to salt water splashing on the brake lines through a gap in the fuel tank protector. Brake fluid may leak due to the brake line corrosion and may result in longer distances being required to slow or stop the vehicle, increasing the risk of a crash.

159 Forest River 2015 Vibe VBT272BHS travel trailers manufactured July 15, 2014, to December 19, 2014. These trailers may have incorrect tire size and tire pressure information on the Federal Certification and Tire labels. The information on the label lists the installed tires as ST225/75R15/C inflated to 50 PSI, however the tires that are actually mounted on the trailer are ST225/75R15/D inflated to 65 PSI. As such, these trailers fail to comply with Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) number 110, "Tire Selection and Rims and Motor Home/Recreation Vehicle Trailer Load Carrying Capacity Information for Motor Vehicles with a GVWR of 4,536 Kilograms (10,000 Pounds) or Less." If the tires are replaced with the tires indicated on the label, the tires may be insufficient to carry the load and a tire blow out may result, increasing the risk of a crash.

773 2012-2014 Champion American Crusader, Challenger, Crusader, CTS-FE, CTS-RE, Defender, EZ-Street, HC American, HCAC, LF Transport, M1235, Platinum Shuttle, Stacked Rail, and Federal Coach Premier, and Spirit transit buses manufactured January 1, 2012, to October 1, 2014, equipped with certain triangle warning signs manufactured by Imperial Supplies, LLC. Test reports indicate that the triangle warning signs, labeled C&J, may reflect an inadequate amount of light. As such, these triangle warning kits fail to comply with Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 125, "Warning devices." Warning triangles that do not properly reflect light may fail to warn others that a vehicle is parked, increasing the risk of a crash.

3924 2014-2015 Toyota 4Runner, Tacoma, FJ Cruiser, Land Cruiser, RAV4, Scion FRS, and XB vehicles. The affected vehicles may have accessories installed by SET, such as running boards or other items, that were incorrectly installed. The accessory attaching fasteners were not tightened with the proper torque, possibly causing the accessory to detach from the vehicle. Accessories that detach from a vehicle may result in a vehicle crash and/or personal injury.

If you own one of these vehicles, contact your dealer for further instructions on what to do.

Ask Joe Mechanic: Increase Your Winter Visibility

Visibility is an essential component of automotive safety. According to the United States Department of Transportation's Federal Highway Administration, inability to clearly see the road, other motorists and potential obstacles is a leading contributor to automotive accidents and injury.

Approximately half of all fatalities due to motor vehicle crashes occur at night, even though the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration notes that traffic volume is substantially less at night. Lack of visibility, which may result from a dirty windshield or inclement weather, can render pavement markings nearly invisible or throw off drivers' senses of direction.

Poor visibility can be hazardous, and drivers must take steps to ensure they have maximum visibility at all times, whether it's day or night or if the weather is poor or fair.

One of the best ways to ensure maximum visibility is to keep your windshield clean. Not all windshield washer fluids and wipers are created equally. For example, some washer fluids are ineffective in freezing temperatures. Frozen washer fluid can cause a complete blockage of the system and greatly impair visibility.

As anyone who has driven on snowy and/or salty roads can attest, such substances can quickly gather on windshields, where they crust up and impede visibility. A windshield cleaning system that is not working effectively is a recipe for an accident.

Always read the product label before purchasing washer fluid. Summer blends are only effective when temperatures remain above 32 F. When the mercury dips below freezing, these fluids freeze up. Winter formulas should contain an antifreeze solution that will lower the freezing point of the liquid. Many such fluids employ methanol to not only prevent freezing but also to melt frost and light accumulations of ice.

Drivers also may be able to supplement their washer fluids with common items to increase durability during extreme cold snaps. Mix 99 percent isopropyl rubbing alcohol into the washer fluid to prevent it from freezing. Otherwise, the washer fluid brand may have specific instructions for mixing for use in areas where the temperature regularly dips below freezing.

Combine these visibility tips with the inclement weather driving recommendations we shared a few weeks ago and you’re sure to remove much of the stress from your winter time commutes and road trips.

This week’s recalls:
2011-2012 Cadillac Escalade, Escalade ESV, Escalade EXT, Chevrolet Avalanche, Silverado HD, Silverado LD, Suburban, Tahoe, GMC Sierra LD, Sierra HD, Yukon, Yukon XL The Problem: An improperly sized ignition lock actuator can make it difficult to turn the key, which could become stuck in the “start” position. Through either a “jarring event” or a cool interior temperature, the ignition lock could move into the “accessory” position. The result is loss of engine power, power steering, and power braking, and deactivated airbag deployment. The Fix: Dealers will inspect vehicles and if necessary replace the faulty ignition lock component at no cost to owners.

2015 Chevrolet Silverado 1500 and GMC Sierra 1500 The Problem: Rear axle shafts in these vehicles may have been improperly heat-treated, resulting in possible fracture without warning. The rear wheel could potentially separate from the axle shaft. The Fix: GM dealers will inspect rear axle shafts and replace faulty parts for free.

2015 Chevrolet Silverado HD and GMC Sierra HD The Problem: Hose clamps for the fuel tank in these diesel-powered pickups may not have been properly tightened by assembly plant personnel, increasing the risk of a fuel leak and possible fire. The Fix: Dealers will inspect and if necessary tighten the fuel tank hose clamp in question, free of charge.

2014 Ford Escape and 2015 Lincoln MKC The Problem: Nickel-plating on the fuel pumps of these crossovers may cause seizing fuel pumps, which could induce a vehicle stall or failure to start. The Fix: Dealers will inspect and if necessary replace the fuel delivery module.

2015 Lincoln MKC The Problem: Because of the push-button ignition switch’s close proximity to other buttons on the center control stack, people are accidentally shutting off the engine while driving. The Fix: Dealers will replace and reprogram gearshift and powertrain control modules, replacing a center console panel with a new panel that relocates the push-button start control.

Ask Joe Mechanic: FAQs for the Mechanic

Have you ever wondered which questions your mechanic hears most frequently in a day or week of working in a garage?  Are you curious if you’ve asked one of those FAQs?  We’ve done a little digging and have compiled a list of what gets asked most often at an auto service center.

• How much is it going to cost?
• Will my warranty cover it?
• How soon can I get my vehicle back?
• Do I really need to have the work done to my auto?
• Do you think it could be... or that…?
• What’s causing that noise?
• Will my car ever be the same?
• How closely should I stick to the recommended maintenance or my vehicle?
• When the “check engine” light turns on, what should I do?
• How often should I change my oil?
• How frequently do my spark plugs need to be changed?
• How do I know if my car is still under warranty?
• Do you take walk-in customers?
• Why should I choose you for the service my car needs?
• How long will it take you to get to my car?
• Is your work on my vehicle guaranteed?

So, how did you stack up against the FAQs and how often do you find yourself asking these questions?  We’d love to hear your experience relating to this week’s column. Feel free to share whether or not you ask these questions regularly of your mechanic and if you’ve been pleased or satisfied with the answers you’ve received.  Visit us on Facebook (www.facebook.com/autolocator) or tweet us on Twitter (www.twitter.com/auto_locator) with your thoughts and feedback.

Information for this article was sourced from mechanictogo.com, autos.com and mymechanicsf.com.  Image sourced from wikipedia.org. 

This Week’s Recalls:

Hyundai Motor America (Hyundai) is recalling certain 1.6 liter model year 2015 Sonata vehicles manufactured August 29, 2014, to October 28, 2014. The affected vehicles may have been assembled with an incorrect left axle shaft which may result in the shaft separating from the transaxle differential.  If the left axle shaft separates from the transaxle, the vehicle may stop moving, increasing the risk of a crash. Additionally, a separated axle shaft may allow the vehicle to roll away as the driver and other occupants exit the vehicle or anytime thereafter. A vehicle rollaway increases the risk of injury to exiting occupants and bystanders.

American Honda Motor Co. (Honda) is recalling certain model year 2015 Crosstour 4 Cylinder vehicles manufactured October 1, 2014, to November 4, 2014, Crosstour V6 2WD vehicles manufactured September 30, 2014, to November 13, 2014, and Crosstour V6 4WD vehicles manufactured September 30, 2014, to November 18, 2014. The inflator tube for the side curtain air bag may have been incorrectly manufactured.  If the side curtain air bag does not properly inflate, it can affect the performance of the air bag in the event of a vehicle crash, increasing the risk of occupant injury.

BMW of North America, LLC (BMW) is recalling certain model year 2014-2015 MINI Cooper Hardtop 2 Door, and Cooper S Hardtop 2 Door vehicles manufactured January 6, 2014, to October 17, 2014. During service appointments, dealers may have inadvertently reprogrammed the transmission control unit with software that may allow drivers to exit the vehicle when the transmission is not in Park. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) No. 114, "Theft Protection and Rollaway Prevention."  If the driver exits the vehicle without the transmission being in Park, the vehicle could roll away as the driver and other occupants exit the vehicle or anytime thereafter. A vehicle rollaway increases the risk of injury to exiting occupants and bystanders.

American Honda Motor Co. (Honda) is recalling certain model year 2014 Acura RLX vehicles manufactured November 22, 2012, to January 30, 2014, 2015 Acura RLX vehicles manufactured June 4, 2014, to November 18, 2014, and 2014 Acura RLX Hybrid vehicles manufactured November 5, 2013, to July 25, 2014. An aluminum film applied to the inner reflector of the headlight may experience adhesion issues causing the film to delaminate. Thus, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) No. 108, "Lamps, reflective devices, and associated equipment."  Delamination of the aluminum film may diminish output of the headlight, increasing the risk of a vehicle crash.

Farber Specialty Vehicles (Farber) is recalling certain model year 2005-2008 Winnebago WFG38S vehicles manufactured January 1, 2008, to December 24, 2009 equipped with certain model S2005, S2010, S5005, S5010, S5505, and S5510 wheelchair lifts manufactured by Ricon Corporation. The platform side plate of the affected wheelchair lifts may crack.  If the platform side plates crack, the lift platform can separate from the lift and come to rest against the vehicle's lift door. When the doors are opened, the platform may fall out, increasing the risk of injury to the lift operator.

Chrysler Group LLC (Chrysler) is recalling certain model year 2004-2007 Dodge Ram 1500 and Durango, 2005-2007 Dodge Ram 2500, Charger, Magnum, Dakota, Chrysler 300, 300C, SRT8, 2006-2007 Dodge Ram 3500 and Mitsubishi Raider, and 2007 Chrysler Aspen. Upon deployment of the driver side frontal air bag, excessive internal pressure may cause the inflator to rupture.  In the event of a crash necessitating deployment of the driver side frontal air bag, the inflator could rupture with metal fragments striking and potentially seriously injuring the vehicle occupants.

You Auto Know: Average Cost of Fuel

Many of us are used to driving in an era where prices at the pump have soared, dropped, ebbed and flowed depending
on the week, holiday and the like.  This week we're encouraged to read a bit of news from AAA that the Nationwide average cost of fuel has dropped to $2.32 per gallon, with many locations seeing the price per gallon as low as $1.99.  

To see how your state fairs compared to the other 48, visit the AAA fuel gauge site! 

So, what's the cheapest you remember ever paying for a tank of gas (or diesel) or even the price per gallon?  Tell us about your earliest memories of fueling up!

Ask Joe Mechanic: Tips for Choosing the Right Mechanic

Do your research before selecting a new mechanic.

Change is not always easy.  Especially when it comes to selecting a new mechanic, garage or service center to work on your family’s vehicles.  So, what steps can you take to make this selection process a little easier?   Not to worry, we’ve got you covered with some quick and easy tips to lessen the stress of picking a new mechanic.

·      Ask your family, friends or loved ones where they take their vehicles.  Nothing speaks volumes to the credibility of garage’s capabilities then getting a recommendation from those folks that you trust the most.

·      If you have a particular garage in mind – search for mentions of them on social media.  In a digital era wherein many customers are taking to Twitter, Facebook and similar websites to share their experiences with businesses, you’re bound to find reviews and ratings of the garage you’re considering.

·      Test-drive a new mechanic with a smaller project.  Before your vehicle requires a major repair, take it in for an oil change; tire rotation or similar type of service to get a feel for the customer service, quality of work, etc of the new location.  If you find yourself unhappy with the garage, at least you won’t be stuck with a big bill for a big repair.

·      Visit your local chamber of commerce and ask their staff for recommendations of member garages that have a solid reputation with nearby residents and other member businesses for quality of service.

·      Check with your Better Business Bureau location.  Since auto mechanics as a category of businesses tend to receive a great deal of complaints with the BBB, you can review their records to determine which garages in your area to avoid.

·      Find a mechanic that specializes in your particular model or make of vehicle.  A specialized mechanic is bound to know the ins and outs of your vehicle better than a generalist would.

There are a number of other tactics you can employ to narrow down your search for a qualified service center.  A few examples, check out certifications, look for a convenient location and stop by and ask questions about their service record.  Keeping all these things in mind should make your shopping around process a good deal less stressful.